TypeError: null/undefined has no properties

The JavaScript exception "null (or undefined) has no properties" occurs when you attempt to access properties of null and {{jsxref("undefined")}}. They don't have any.

Message#

TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'x') (V8-based)
TypeError: Cannot destructure 'x' as it is undefined. (V8-based)
TypeError: Cannot destructure property 'x' of 'y' as it is undefined. (V8-based)
TypeError: null has no properties (Firefox)
TypeError: undefined has no properties (Firefox)
TypeError: undefined is not an object (evaluating 'undefined.x') (Safari)
TypeError: Right side of assignment cannot be destructured (Safari)

Error type#

{{jsxref("TypeError")}}.

What went wrong?#

Both null and {{jsxref("undefined")}} have no properties you could access. Therefore, you cannot use property accessors on them, or destructure them.

Examples#

null and undefined have no properties#

```js example-bad null.foo; // TypeError: null has no properties

undefined.bar; // TypeError: undefined has no properties ```

See also#

• null
• {{jsxref("undefined")}}